Professor WANG Guang-zu a strategic direction
1. Change the development mode, adjust the product structure, develop multiple varieties and specifications, vigorously strengthen product development research, and focus on applying technical research to meet the needs of diverse markets.
2. Vigorously cultivate the national brand of China and actively strive for more international superhard materials.
3. Strengthen the development and application of superhard materials such as light, sound, heat and electricity; actively carry out research on synthesizing superhard new materials under more pressure (10GPa or more).
4. Improve the standard system, technical specifications, testing methods and certification mechanisms, and further improve the research, formulation and promotion of superhard materials and product standards, and be in line with international standards.
5. Strengthen the basic capacity building of enterprise technology innovation, promote the integration of production, education and research, establish a technological innovation alliance, and lead the industry development.
6. Strengthen the construction of innovative talents, promote knowledge innovation and technological innovation, attach importance to the cultivation and introduction of high-end talents, and establish and improve the industry talent service system.
Second, the technology trend
1, material
(1) Industrialization of CVD materials
The research on CVD diamond thin film growth technology began in the mid-1980s. From the late 1990s to the present, CVD diamond materials and their products for various uses have begun industrial production, and their application prospects and potential markets are extremely extensive.
CVD diamonds have become a key material in the processing, automotive, information, and energy sectors as well as defense, military, and cutting-edge technologies. Therefore, accelerating the research and industrialization of CVD growth technology is a real problem that urgently needs to be solved in our industry.
(2) Functional research and application of diamond
In addition to its excellent mechanical properties, diamond has many excellent physicochemical properties. Such as: diamond thermal conductivity is good, can be used for microwave devices, high-power solid-state lasers, heat sinks and large-scale integrated circuits; diamond crystals have small electron affinity, is an ideal field emission cathode material, can be used for cold cathode field emission The device; at the same time, the diamond is a broadband (Eg=5.5eV), breakdown voltage (107V) and saturation current (2.7×107cm s-1) are much higher than the commonly used semiconductor materials such as Si, GaAs, InP, etc. Its excellent high temperature performance, in the field of microelectronics, diamond-based integrated circuits are strong competitors of existing silicon-based integrated circuits. Diamond-made counter anvil (DAC) is an indispensable means for high-pressure physics and high-pressure chemistry research; diamond is transparent from deep ultraviolet to far-infrared, and can be applied to the window of the cruise missile infrared detector, laser window material, lens material, And optical protective coating; can also be used as a semiconductor heat sink, thermistor and a highly sensitive thermometer. Strengthening the research and application of diamond functionality is the technical guarantee for the future sustainable development of the industry.
(3) Functional research and development of cubic boron nitride
Cubic boron nitride crystal (CBN) has a wide direct band gap of 6.4eV, which is a very excellent semiconductor material. It has broad application prospects in the field of high-temperature and high-power broadband device microelectronics. Cubic boron nitride can produce second-order nonlinear optical effects, which can be used in light harmonic generators, electro-optic modulators, visible-ultraviolet light converters, optical rectifiers, optical parametric amplifiers, and the like. In addition, cubic boron nitride, like diamond, has a strong radiation resistance and can be used in radiation resistant devices. Therefore, the research and development of the functionality of cubic boron nitride materials has important practical significance.
(4) High-end PDC urgently needs to break through
At present, the overall domestic PDC has made significant progress, which can be used for drawing die, coalfield drilling, and general oil drilling. However, large-diameter PDC, deep-hole drilling PDC, high-speed, high-life tool PDC can not compete with foreign countries, China's terminal PDC is still imported, this situation must be resolved as soon as possible.
(5) Research on new superhard materials
The search for new types of superhard materials with high hardness, high chemical inertness and high thermal stability is a hot issue in the field of superhard materials research. If a new superhard material is designed from the perspective of theoretical design, and then experimentally verified, a new type of superhard material can be developed, which will combine the advantages of two superhard materials, diamond and cubic boron nitride, to overcome their advantages. Disadvantages will inevitably become a new generation of super-hard materials with broad application prospects.
(6) Research and development of gem-quality diamond
In the past 20 years, great progress has been made in gem-quality diamond synthesis technology. In 1990, Sumitomo Electric Co., Ltd. of Japan used a large crystal seed method to grow a 9-carat Ib-type diamond single crystal, and the growth rate was increased to 15 mg/h. In 1996, De Beers synthesized a high-quality Ib type with a weight of 25 carats in 1000 hours. Diamond single crystals represent the highest level of technology in today's gem-quality diamonds. The Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of the United States began the development of CVD single crystal diamond cultivation technology in 1998. In 2004, a single crystal diamond with a diagonal length of 10 mm and a thickness of 4.5 mm was grown at a growth rate of 100 μm/h and a maximum velocity of 300 μm. /h, the obtained single crystal is brown, and is colorless after high temperature and high pressure treatment. In 2005, 10 carats of transparent single crystal diamond was grown.
At present, China Zhongnan Diamond Co., Ltd., Huanghe Cyclone Co., Ltd., Jiaozuo Huajing Diamond Co., Ltd., etc., have been able to produce diamond large single crystals of about 4 mm. Huanghe Cyclone Co., Ltd. has produced 10mm gem-quality large single crystal diamond; Jilin University can produce 0.8ct gem-quality high-quality single crystal. On this basis, we should continue to strengthen the in-depth research and development of the synthesis method and technology of gem-quality synthetic diamond.
(7) Nano-diamond industrialization and application development
In addition to the general characteristics of diamond, nano-diamond also has the characteristics of nano-materials. It has been widely used in composite coating, grinding, polishing, lubrication, sealing, high-strength resin and rubber, showing good application prospects. The industrialization of nanodiamonds and its applications must be highly valued, as well as the development of nano-cubic boron nitride.
(8) Accelerate the improvement and research and development of raw and auxiliary materials
Pressure transmitting medium, top hammer cylinder, catalytic alloy, carbon source material and boron nitride raw material are the five pillars of indispensable production of superhard materials. In order to meet the needs of sustainable development of superhard industry in China, it is necessary to accelerate the auxiliary materials. Improvement and research and development, and the development of new pressure-transfer media, nano-sub-nano-iron-based metal powder, new carbon source materials and high-quality boron nitride, especially the matching of hard alloy parts are particularly important.
2, products
(1) Development and application of high-grade superhard material cutters
Superhard tools meet the requirements of modern high speed, high efficiency, high stability, low cost and low carbon environmental protection. They are an ideal green cutting tool and play an important role in the fields of automobile, aerospace, energy, military and machinery. The development of modern manufacturing technology and difficult-to-machine materials is driving the development of tool technology in the direction of high-speed cutting, high-precision and hard dry cutting. Research on high-performance PDC, PCBN tool blank materials, precision PDC tools, diamond single crystal tools and PCBN tool manufacturing technology and its application technology are important tasks for the development and application of superhard material tools.
(2) Development of deep oil (gas) drilling using PDC cutting teeth and deep hole ore exploration drills
Drilling diamond/carbide cutting teeth (PDC) has caused a technological revolution in the oil and gas drilling industry. As the recoverable reserves of shallow oil and gas resources are becoming less and less, people continue to explore oil and natural gas stored in deeper strata. In the past, oil wells were mostly 1000-2000 m deep, and now 3000-4000 m well depth has become the mainstream, and some oil deep wells have even reached 7000 m. The deeper the drilling, the greater the pressure on the stratum in the upper stratum, the denser the rock, the more difficult it is to drill, and the quality of the PDC is particularly important. Marine drilling and oil recovery (including combustible ice) are new battlefields for future energy. These drill bits have higher technical requirements for PDC and should be given more attention.
The development of solid minerals is one of the important lifeblood of China's economic development. Due to the limitation of mining technology, the mining depth of solid mineral resources in China was generally less than 500m. Now the mining depth has reached 1000-1200m, and the country requires a prospecting depth of 1500-2500m. Therefore, in terms of exploration of solid mineral resources, the development of deep hole drills is currently a major research topic.
(3) New diamond orderly sawing tools and thin wall drills and diamond wire saws
Efficient and durable orderly distribution of diamond sawing tools and thin wall drill development and industrialization
Sawing tools and thin-walled drilling tools are the largest types of diamond products. The orderly distribution of diamonds in the nodal blocks instead of random disorder distribution can significantly improve the working efficiency and service life of saw blades and thin-walled drills. New progress in recent years. The orderly arrangement of diamond saw blades and thin-walled drill manufacturing technology and the development and industrialization of special process equipment is one of the important development directions of diamond products.
The diamond wire saw replaces the traditional method of eye-opening and shooting in mining, which can save a lot of stone resources, and is currently in the stage of product development and promotion. The development and industrialization of diamond wire saws for high-precision precision machining with small diameter and small size should be given priority.
(4) Development and industrialization of super-hard coated abrasives
China is a big producer of coated abrasives, but the proportion of superhard material coated abrasives is very small. In order to meet the needs of modern grinding technology, hard and brittle material grinding and polishing, we must vigorously develop superhard materials. Coated abrasives and industrialize them.
(5) Development and industrialization of high-efficiency and durable diamond wire saw
The development of cutting processing of silicon/sapphire materials in the fields of semiconductor, photovoltaic and LED lighting has made diamond wire saws gradually show a series of unparalleled advantages: small surface damage, low deflection, material saving and high efficiency. Therefore, as a major producer of semiconductor, photovoltaic, and LED lighting materials, it is necessary to accelerate the development and industrialization of high-efficiency and durable diamond wire saws.
(6) Development and industrialization of high-grade ceramic cubic boron nitride grinding wheel
Ceramic cubic boron nitride grinding wheel is a high-performance abrasive tool with high speed, high efficiency, high precision, low grinding cost and low environmental pollution. It has become a hot spot in the world for competitive research and development and an important direction for the development of contemporary abrasive products. In the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom and other industrial developed countries, aerospace, bearings, automobiles, tools and other industries have entered the stage of scale application or popularization. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the research and development of high-grade CBN ceramic grinding wheels and expand its application fields.
(7) Development and application of new diamond tool technology
In order to achieve the goal of vigorously developing products and improve the quality of products, it is necessary to strengthen the research and development of the following basic work:
A. Raw material processing and control technology and equipment, including abrasive surface treatment technology, bonding agent (carcass material) refining technology, coated abrasive substrate processing technology to improve the performance of bonding agent (carcass material) Its bonding strength with abrasives and substrates.
B, a new type of bonding agent (carcass), improve the holding power of the abrasive, thereby improving the service life and processing efficiency. For example, composite binders (resin-metal, ceramic-metal, etc.), cobalt-forming binders, filler modification techniques, etc., which have excellent overall properties.
C. Precision uniform molding technology and equipment, which is one of the foundations for improving the intrinsic quality of products, including high-efficiency uniform distribution of abrasives and ordered alignment technology, precision molding technology for small diameter and high thickness slender tools, and electroplating products. Sand control technology (concentration and uniformity of abrasives), uniform sanding and gluing technology for coated abrasives.
D. Efficient and energy-saving sintering technology and equipment to improve sintering quality, reduce energy consumption and improve efficiency.
E, high-efficiency precision processing technology and equipment of products, including post-processing technology of tools, grinding tools, thin-walled drills, etc., to ensure that the products are applied to the realization of precision machining targets.
Sunrise Jianghuahong wins fire, spring comes green and blue. When we push the door to the future development of the super-hard materials industry, a new "big test" has begun. We have all the wisdom and hard work, and we all want to make our country a super-hard material. Let us open our arms, embrace superhard materials and their products to develop a new spring, and make a great contribution to our superhard people in order to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation!
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