Cucumber needs a lot of fertilizer in its lifetime. How to fertilize it reasonably and promote the high yield of cucumber? The following describes the scientific fertilization method of cucumber to the majority of vegetable farmers.
First, the cucumber needs fertilizer characteristics Cucumber is suitable for growth on fertile loam, hi-ripe farmyard manure, so deep cultivation of decomposing farmyard manure is the basis of bacon and vines. Each 1000 kg of cucumber fruit is about 2.8-3.2 kg of nitrogen , 0.8-1.3 kg of phosphorus , 3.6-4.4 kg of potassium , and 0.6-0.7 kg of magnesium . At the seedling stage, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounted for only about 1% of the total absorption. The absorption of phosphorus and phosphorus absorbed from the colonization to the melon was larger than that of the total absorption. 20% of the amount , while 50% of the nutrients are absorbed after entering the fruiting period. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus in cucumber leaves is higher, and the content of potassium in stems is higher. When the cucumber enters the fruiting phase, about 60% of the nitrogen, 50% of the phosphorus, and 80% of the potassium are concentrated in the fruit. Since the cucumber needs to be harvested in stages, the nutrients are removed from the plant by the fruit, so it is necessary to continuously supplement the nutrients and carry out multiple topdressing.
Due to insufficient or unbalanced nutrient supply, some fruit malformations are often caused. Insufficient nitrogen and phosphorus, poor light conditions, weak photosynthesis of leaves, easy to produce curved fruit; sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium but insufficient calcium or calcium movement, easy to produce shoulder-shaped fruit, that is, the fruit is arched; nitrogen and potassium are insufficient It is easy to produce bee cashew nuts.
Second, fertilization technology points 1 , nutrient soil preparation: cucumber fertilization must first pay attention to the preparation of nursery soil. Generally, 50% vegetable garden soil, 30% grass ash, and 20% dried pig manure are uniformly mixed. In addition to soil treatment to eliminate pests and diseases, cucumber seedling nutrient soil can also be added with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calculated by adding 3-5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per cubic meter of nutrient soil , and blending with nutrient soil. Appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer at seedling stage can increase the root weight and number of lateral roots of cucumber seedlings, which is beneficial to nutrient absorption and growth. It is also possible to spray a mixture of 0.3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate at the seedling stage to supplement the nutrition and cultivate the strong.
　　 2 , base fertilizer: cucumber utilization of fertilizer is low, so cucumber land needs more application of base fertilizer , before planting acres of organic fertilizer 6000 kg, biological fertilizer 250 kg, urea 60 kg, superphosphate 30-40 kg, potassium sulfate 2 kg .
　　 3 , topdressing: after planting cucumber, with the seedling water to promote seedling fertilizer, using 1-2 kg of urea per acre . In order to promote root development before entering the results period, it is possible to ditch between rows or to dig holes between plants, and apply 20-25 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu . The fertilization method can be applied with water. In order to supplement the phosphorus and potassium nutrition, in combination with the fight in the fruiting stage, spraying 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3 times, 0.2% calcium nitrate, 0.1% borax 2-3 times, can increase the yield and prevent melon Premature aging and reduced deformity.
Third, the problem of attention Due to the large amount of cucumber in the greenhouse, after several years of continuous planting, the nutrients in the soil have more accumulation, therefore, the fertilization of the new shed and the old shed is different. As much as possible, apply some decomposed organic fertilizer to the new shed. For more than 3 years old sheds, you can add some enzymes and bio-organic fertilizers. For greenhouses with serious soil-borne diseases, some Bacillus bio-organic fertilizers should be added.
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