The conventional fluorescent lamp is equipped with two filaments, and the filament is coated with an electron-emitting material ternary carbonate (barium carbonate, barium carbonate and calcium carbonate), commonly known as electronic powder. Under the action of the alternating voltage, the filament alternately functions as a cathode and an anode. The inner wall of the tube is coated with a phosphor powder filled with argon gas at a pressure of 400 Pa to 500 Pa and a small amount of mercury. After being energized, the liquid mercury evaporates into a mercury vapor with a pressure of 0.8 Pa. Under the action of the electric field, the mercury atoms are continuously excited from the original state into an excited state, and then spontaneously transition to the ground state, and emit ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 253.7 nm and 185 nm (main The peak wavelength is 253.7 nm, which is about 70-80% of the total radiant energy; the secondary peak wavelength is 185 nm, which accounts for about 10% of the total radiant energy, to release excess energy.
The phosphor absorbs ultraviolet radiation and emits visible light. Different phosphors emit different light, which is why fluorescent lamps can be made into white and various colors. Since most of the electric energy consumed by fluorescent lamps is used to generate ultraviolet rays, fluorescent lamps are much more efficient than incandescent lamps and tungsten halogen lamps, and are currently energy-saving electric light sources. In the fluorescent tube, the mercury vapor with a pressure of about 0.8 Pa is discharged under the action of an electric field. During the discharge process, the valence electrons of the mercury atom are continuously excited from the original state to the excited state, and the excited state spontaneously returns to the base.
State, the electrical energy of valence electrons is converted into electromagnetic radiant energy, and ultraviolet rays of 253.7 nm are radiated (in addition, about 10% of short-wavelength ultraviolet rays of 85 nm). The phosphor on the inner wall of the carrier tube absorbs 253.7 nm of ultraviolet light and converts it into visible light. The electrodeless fluorescent lamp, that is, the electrodeless lamp, cancels the filament and the electrode of the traditional fluorescent lamp, and uses the principle of electromagnetic coupling to excite the mercury atom from the original state to the excited state, and the light-emitting principle is similar to that of the original fluorescent lamp, and is the latest energy-saving light source of the present day. . It has the advantages of long life, high light efficiency and good color rendering.
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