The following is the basic knowledge about ether oxystrobin and tebufenap collected by Dr. Bian Xiaobian:
Tebufenozide was first developed by Rohm and Haas Company (later incorporated into Dow) and registered in China in 2000. It is registered as 24% chlorfenapyr SC, trade name: Mimic Mimic.
Tebufenozide is a novel biomimetic insecticide that promotes the molting of Lepidoptera larvae. When the larvae are full of water, they will produce a molting reaction when they are not molting, and start molting. The larvae will be dehydrated and starved and die due to incomplete molting. Contrary to the action mechanism of other insecticides that inhibit larvae molting, the insecticidal mechanism is unique and suitable for comprehensive treatment of pest resistance. Rice is effective for both older and younger larvae. After the larvae take the water for 6-8 hours, they stop feeding (stomach toxic effect), no longer harm the crop, and the effect is faster than the ecdysone inhibitor. It will die after 3 to 4 days, and the crop protection effect is better. No phytotoxicity, safe for crops, no residue spots.
At present, 79 preparations (including the original drug ) containing this ingredient in domestic enterprises have been registered. Dow changed its face and introduced 24% methoxyfenozide SC under the trade name Runner. The registration number is PD20050197.
Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute Co., Ltd. developed a furfuryl hydrazide without fear of difficulty and innovation, and registered 97% of the original drug (LS20041554) and 10% furanyl hydrazide SC (trade name: Fu Xian, registration The certificate number: LS20041537) was successfully marketed.
The epothilone kresoxim-methyl (BAS490F) was developed by BASF and registered as 50% ether oxystrobin WG in China. The trade name is: Tribe Stroby, registration number: PD20070124.
Epoxystrobin, a strobilurin fungicide derived from Strobilurin A (superior aurantin) extracted from the edible fungus Strobilurus tenacellus, has been found to have its bactericidal activity since 1969 by Mugikek et al. After more than 20 years of structural optimization, the development of such high-efficiency fungicides has finally succeeded, and a new milestone has been established in the history of fungicide development following triazole fungicides. BASF's ether fungus ester was synthesized in the laboratory in 1983. It was first registered for use in 1995.
The hydrolysate developed by BASF has a broad spectrum and long-lasting effect. It is mainly used in vegetables, wheat, rice, potatoes, apples, pears, pumpkins, grapes, cotton and ornamental plants, etc., for ascomycetes and basidiomycetes. Most diseases caused by pathogenic fungi such as genus, deuteromycetes and oomycetes have good activity. The dosage used is 50~400g/hm2.
The methoxy acrylate fungicide has a unique mechanism of action, which prevents the ATP synthesis of cells by blocking the electron transfer between cytochrome b and c1, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial respiration and exerting a bacteriostatic action. It is effective against strains which are resistant to 14-demethylase inhibitors, benzamides, dicarboxamides and benzimidazoles. It has the functions of protection, treatment, eradication, infiltration and systemic absorption, and it can degrade quickly in plants, soil and water. Although the mechanism of action of this kind of fungicide is unique, the action site is single, and the speed of resistance of pathogenic bacteria is also very fast. For example, after 1 year of actual application, the esterification of etheric acid ester has a report on the occurrence of resistance to wheat powdery mildew. In 2000, resistant spores (2% to 99%) were reported in northern Germany, northern France and the United Kingdom. In addition, in 2000, barley powdery mildew pathogens resistant to strobilurin fungicides were found in northern Germany, northern France and Scotland. At present, the prevention and control of powdery mildew in China has declined.
Similarly, domestic enterprises have tried boldly, and Anhui Huaxing Chemical Co., Ltd. has obtained the original drug (registration number: LS20031436) and preparation (30% ether oxystrophe SC, trade name: Baimei, registration number: LS20051933); Shandong Jingbo Agrochemical Co., Ltd. obtained the preparation (30% ether oxystrobin WP, trade name: product strength, registration number: LS20050118); Jiangsu Genghua Chemical Co., Ltd. obtained the registration of the original drug (registration number: LS20031768).
However, continued commercial success is based on continuous innovation, and BASF continues to develop new methoxy acrylate fungicides. Pyraclostrobin (BAS 500F) was born, and pyraclostrobin was developed by BASF to replace the o-methylphenyl group in the molecular structure of the ether oxystrobin with N-p-chlorophenylpyrazolyl. Another methoxy acrylate broad-spectrum fungicide. It is more active and is three times more active than its current fungicides. It can control most diseases such as the genus Trichophyton, the genus Dioscorea, the Deuteromycetes, and the Oomycetes by foliar spraying. It has strong inhibitory effect on spore germination and growth of intracellular mycelium, and has protective and therapeutic activity. It has permeability and local systemic activity, long-lasting effect and resistance to rain erosion. It is widely used in the control of diseases of wheat, rice, peanuts, grapes, vegetables, bananas, lemons and turf. The dosage for crops is 50~250g/hm2, and the dosage for lawn is 280~560g/hm2. For Cabrio, Headline, Insignia, Attitude. The compound is not only low in toxicity, safe for non-target organisms, but also safe and friendly to users and the environment. It has been listed as a “candidate for risk reduction†by the US EPA. In addition, pyraclostrobin can exert positive physiological regulation on crops, which can inhibit the production of ethylene, which can help crops have longer time to reserve bio-energy to ensure maturity; can significantly increase the activity of nitrate reductase in crops. , which means that the use of nitrogen in the soil can be reduced, thereby further reducing the impact on groundwater; when the crop is attacked by the virus, it can accelerate the formation of resistant proteins - against the synthesis of the inverse protein with the crop's own salicylic acid and its own complex The same effect.
Pyraclostrobin has been registered in China, 25% pyraclostrobin EC (weight / capacity), the product is Kairun Cabrio, registration number: LS20050310. The secondary formulation has 60% pyraclostrobin and Daisenlian WG, of which pyraclostrobin is 5%, Daisenlian is 55%, and the trade name is Baitai. Registration number: LS20051324.
About azoxystrobin, the British Syngenta registered 250 g / liter of azoxystrobin SC, Amishida Amistar, PD20060033; 50% azoxystrobin WG, painted green, LS20041551 and the original drug, PD20060032. Swiss Syngenta registered 325 g / liter of difenoconazole azoxystrobin suspension (125:200), Ami, LS20070722 and 560 g / liter of chlorothalonil azoxylate suspension (500: 60), Ami Colorful, LS20071621.
In addition, enestrobin is the first methoxy acrylate fungicide developed in China. It was developed by Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry in 1997 and has applied for patents in China, the United States, Japan and Europe. In 2002, temporary registration of pesticides was completed. The variety has the characteristics of wide spectrum of sterilization, high activity, low toxicity and good compatibility with the environment. It has a good preventive effect on diseases caused by flagellum, binding bacteria, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes. It can effectively control the occurrence and damage of cucumber downy mildew , grape downy mildew , tomato late blight , wheat powdery mildew , potato late blight and apple spotted leaf disease, and has no cross resistance with phenylamide fungicide. The field dosage is 100~200g/hm2, which is a new fungicide with broad application prospects.
At present, the varieties containing this ingredient are commercially available as 25% cream urea enestrobin WP (1:1), trade name, Qilu, LS20053566; 28% carbendazim enestrobin WP (21:7) , trade name, Qiao Shi, LS20060128; 18% fluorocyclazole • enestrobin SC (6:12), trade name, fungus, LS20060534.
In addition, cymene, difenoate, chlorpyrifos, trifloxystrobin, stroby, pyraclostrom, picoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, coumethoxystrobin, benzene Esteric acid ester (ZJ0712) and the like are still being researched and commercialized.
According to different hammer head shapes, hammers can be divided into ball pein hammers, sledge hammers, etc. According to different hammer head materials, they can be divided into carbon steel hammers, wood hammers rubber hammers, plastic hammers.
The specifications of the hammer are generally expressed by its mass, and commonly used are 0.25kg, 0.5kg and lkg.
American Type Hammer,Heavy Duty Hammer,Claw Hammer,Sledge Hammer
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