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According to a report by the Physicist Organization Network on May 15 (Beijing time), the United States Joint Institute of Bioenergy Research (JBEI) has discovered new physiological mechanisms of bacterial tolerance to toxic salt solutions through new experimental methods and gene sequencing analysis. The ability of microorganisms to resist the toxicity of salt solutions used in the production of biofuels. The researchers pointed out that the study can be used as the basis for genetic engineering of ionic liquid-resistant microorganisms to bring about a more efficient biofuel production process. Related papers were published on the May 14th National Academy of Sciences website.
The use of plant cellulose to make biofuels requires complex processes and chemical pretreatments to make lignocellulose more easily digested by microorganisms that contain special enzymes. However, the salt solution used for chemical pretreatment is "toxic" to these microorganisms.
"Finding microorganisms that can tolerate salt solutions and understanding their salt-tolerance mechanisms can help boost the production of biofuels," said Michael Hearon of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, which led the study. Microorganisms in forest humus can produce highly efficient enzymes to decompose lignocellulosic fibres and adapt to the pressure of environmental changes.Utilizing these beneficial properties to genetically engineer existing laboratory strains will enable them to compete in the production of biofuels. The toxic salt solution is more tolerant and more productive."
The researchers isolated an Enterobacter bacterium (SCF1) found in tropical rain forest soils that decomposes plant wood fibers and grows well in relatively high concentrations of salt solutions. These salt solutions are for other species. Highly toxic.
They sequenced the SCF1 genome, discovered multiple metabolic reactions, and mapped these reactions into a map. High-throughput growth assays and cell membrane composition analysis methods were also used to study the mechanism of SCF1 tolerating high-concentration salt solutions and determine all of its variant genes. It was found that the bacteria are resistant to salt solutions because they can regulate the composition of the cell membrane, reduce cell permeability, and increase the delivery of a protein that “pumps†the poison out of the cell before the toxic substances harm the cells.
The use of biomass to produce liquid biofuels can reduce people's dependence on fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It is a promising technology. Helen said: “Finding and analyzing microorganisms with similar properties to SCF1 will bring great benefits to the biofuel industry. Our findings can be used as the basis for genetic engineering of ionic liquid-resistant microorganisms to bring about more efficient biofuel production processes. (Reporter Chang Lijun)
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