Once you can initially approach the patient and have completed a thorough assessment of the injured person, you can begin to create space. This must be consistent with the expected rescue plan and the following priorities.
1. Remove any object that traps the wounded person so that the injured person can be rescued in an immediate situation, that is, in the case of cardiac arrest / respiratory arrest.
2. To further expand the space and allow the wounded to be rescued as soon as possible. For example, if medical assessments are taken and noticed that the medical condition of the injured person is deteriorating, quick rescue is required and the time is controlled within 5 minutes. This will allow medical intervention to continue and should be completed as soon as possible. In the rescue, priority should be given to dealing with the clinical needs of the injured, rather than following the gold standard process of rescue.
3 , use the emergency rescue route to create a full rescue rescue rescue channel. If possible, the injured person should maintain a straight (straight) body so that further injury to the spine / pelvis can be prevented . The best rescue operation should be controlled in 20 minutes.
! Remember - if the victim is physically stuck, it means that the victim is in danger. This means that if the victim's cardiac arrest / breathing stops at any time , it cannot be withdrawn from the vehicle. At this point, the injured must be evacuated from the danger zone by creating space and removing the body covering. The longer the delay, the longer the injured person is in danger.
1 , the method of creating space
Make it easy
Creating space is not just about using hydraulic tools. The following simple steps can quickly and easily expand more space. In addition, it will make it easier for people and equipment to get in and out of the room.
action | Precautions | equipment |
Flat front seats | - Expand internal working space and allow rescue workers to evaluate tilting mechanism for rescue - If the mechanical device is electric, complete the expansion of the internal working space as soon as possible before the battery is exhausted | no |
Remove the headrest from the seat | - Expand internal working space - May require miniature cutting pliers | Miniature cutting pliers |
Slide back into the seat | - Expand internal working space - If it is an electric drive car, complete and disconnect the battery first | no |
Recover steering wheel | - Increase internal working space - If it is an electric drive car, complete and disconnect the battery first | no |
Remove all electrical devices (satellite navigation /GPS/ mobile chargers) | - Prevention of medical devices such as oxygen supply and monitoring devices entangled with wires | no |
Remove all items in the passenger compartment / luggage compartment | -- Expand internal working space - Carefully carry out this action because they are personal property | no |
2 , the method of creating space - enter the vehicle
Front wing (fender) is crushed / displaced
Open the front and outer wings (fenders) so that the expander can enter.
action | Precautions | equipment |
Crush the front wing (fender) | - Angled dilators to prevent slipping - Avoid using MacPherson suspension - Avoid using DC converters (electric vehicles / hybrid vehicles) - Avoid using super-capacity vehicles (vehicles using start / stop technology can generate super capacitors at this location) - Many new cars will have a plastic body version. They react differently when squeezed and may need to be cut off | Dilator, cutting pliers |
Cut in the crushed area and cover the sharp edge with a sharp-edged protective cover | - Simply cut off the outer wing (fender) instead of the inner structure | Cutting pliers, sharp edge protection cover |
Expand wings (fenders) away from the doors to reveal the hinges. Fold and cover sharp edges with sharp-edged protective covers | - Ensure that the outer wing (fender) does not touch the front wheel after it has been expanded; this may affect the stability of the vehicle | Dilator, sharp edge protection cover |
3 , the method of creating space - enter the vehicle
Open the closed line
This is an alternative way of closing the line so that the dilator can enter.
Open the door and outer wing (fender)
action | Precautions | equipment |
Remove indicator and repeater from front wing (fender) | Ensure that stability will not be affected | Locksmith tools |
Place the tool in the hole and shake the wings (fender structure) | Be careful not to affect the stability of the vehicle | Locksmith tools |
! Remember - the techniques described in this article can be adjusted and used for any vehicle in any orientation, but the emphasis is always on safety.
4. Ways to Create Space - Enter the Vehicle
Remove front / rear doors (closed)
Expansion hinge
This is to remove the closed door only by breaking and expanding the hinge.
action | Precautions | equipment |
Expand the upper top hinge until it can no longer expand | - Monitor the hinge carefully and control the dilator - If the door fails, reposition the dilator - After the hinge has failed, continue to expand the hinge until there is further space to lower the expander | Dilator |
Expanding the upper limit of the door until it can no longer be expanded | - Carefully monitor the door limit band and control the dilator - If the door fails, reposition the dilator - After the door limit band fails, continue to expand the door limit band until there is further space to lower the expander | Dilator, hard protection |
Expand the lower hinge below until it can no longer expand | - Monitor the hinge carefully and control the dilator - If the door fails, reposition the dilator | Dilator, hard protection |
Operate the door handle, remove the door and cover the sharp edge with a sharp-edged protective cover | - Ensure that the insulation bushing outside the wire has been cut / removed | Sharp edge protection cover |
Move the door to the debris heap | - If the airbag installed at the door is suitable, turn the outside side down | no |
5 , the method of creating space - enter the vehicle
Remove front / rear doors (closed)
Expansion / cutting hinge
This is to remove the closed door by breaking the hinge. First the hinge will expand, which expands the space for the cutter blade to operate more efficiently and then the hinge will be cut.
action | Precautions | equipment |
Expanding the upper top hinge, the door restrains the strap and the lower hinge until there is enough space for the cutter blade to run | - If the expansion causes the hinge to malfunction, consider continuing to use the expander, which will reduce the time | Dilator, hard protection |
Cut off the top hinge, door restraint band, then cut off the lower hinge | - Determination of the most fleshy part of the hinge structure (avoid the hinge pin) - Make sure the blade can move forward and surround the hinge structure | Cutter, hard protection |
Operate the door handle, remove the door and cover the sharp edge with a sharp-edged protective cover | - Ensure that the insulation bushing outside the wire has been cut / removed | Sharp edge protection cover |
Move the door to the debris heap | - If the airbag installed at the door is suitable, turn the outside side down | no |
6 , the method of creating space - enter the vehicle
Remove front / rear doors (closed)
Destruction of the lock
This is to remove the closed door only by breaking the lock
action | Precautions | equipment |
Try to open the door. Is it open? | - Try the simple things first | key |
Place the dilator vertically in the door opening and expand from the roof line to the interior door panel | - This is very invasive because it is usually close to the wounded - There may be airbags (convertibles) installed on the door panels | Dilator |
Place the spreader as close as possible to the open closure line of the lock and extend the spreader until the lock fails. Cover sharp edges with sharp-edged protective covers. | - The pin is very hard so this process is very time consuming - Expansion may cause the door to move closer to the injured. If this happens, reposition | Dilator, hard protection, sharp edge protection cover |
Once the door is opened, expand or expand / cut the hinge and door restraint straps. Use a sharp-edged protective cover to cook the sharp edge portion. Or: keep it in place and cut off the door limit belt (only for the front door) | - After the door is opened, first expand the bottom hinge to prevent the door from falling and the vehicle moving - If the hinge is to be cut off, determine the weakest part of the hinge structure and ensure that the blade can move forward and surround the hinge structure - The front door can remain in place and use ratchet rope to move backwards | Dilator / Claw, Hard Protector, Sharp Edge Protective Cover |
If the door is removed, place the door in the debris heap and use the sharp edge protection cover to engage the sharp edge of the main part | - |