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With the advancement of science and technology, people have put forward higher requirements on the energy density and safety performance of batteries. As magnesium has the advantages of high volumetric specific capacity, no growth of dendrites at the negative electrode, abundant earth reserves and low cost, it has great potential for commercialization in the field of low-cost high-performance batteries. However, the development of magnesium secondary batteries has been limited by the lack of electrolyte and cathode materials. Cheap and readily available sulfur as a widely-researched cathode material for conversion cells brings hope for the development of cathode materials for magnesium secondary batteries. The theoretical energy density of a magnesium/sulfur battery system using magnesium metal as a negative electrode and sulfur as a positive electrode is as high as 1,722 Wh/kg, which is four times higher than that of a commercial lithium cobalt oxide/graphite battery system. It is a highly specific energy and low cost development potential. Energy storage battery system.
Recently, relying on the Qingdao Institute of Energy Storage Industry and Technology (hereinafter referred to as “Qingdao Energy Storage Instituteâ€) built by the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, on the basis of the previous work on magnesium secondary batteries, one-step in-situ synthesis A new type of organic magnesium borate electrolyte was obtained, which effectively improved the cycle performance and rate performance of magnesium/sulfur batteries. It is expected that the low-cost and high-energy density magnesium/sulfur battery system will be put into practical use, and relevant research results have been published. In the Energy & Environment Science magazine.
This study uses tris(hexafluoroisopropyl) borate (THFPB), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and magnesium powder as raw materials in a glycol dimethyl ether (DME) solvent, obtained by one-step in-situ reaction with [B ( HFP) 4]- is an organic magnesium borate electrolyte with an anion and [Mg4Cl6(DME)6]2+ as cation. The electrolyte system exhibits excellent magnesium ion conductivity: the electrochemical window is as high as 3.3V (vs. Mg), the ionic conductivity is as high as 5.58 mS/cm, the electrodeposition potential is only 0.11V, and the Coulomb efficiency of depositing dissolved magnesium exceeds 98%. %. In addition, the electrolyte has excellent non-nucleophilic properties and is well compatible with sulfur cathodes. The magnesium/sulfur battery assembled with this electrolyte still has a specific discharge capacity of 1000 mAh/g after undergoing 100 charge/discharge cycles, and it can still work normally under a high current charge/discharge condition of 500 mA/g. This is currently reported. The most excellent performance data in magnesium-sulfur battery research.
The simple synthesis method and excellent magnesium sulfur battery performance are the greatest advantages of this organic magnesium borate electrolyte, and this research result is expected to accelerate the practical application of the magnesium/sulfur battery system. The research work was supported by the National Outstanding Youth Fund, the Qingdao Energy Storage Fund and the Qingdao Energy Institute's “135†Project.
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