The handling vehicle is primarily composed of a working mechanism, an operating system, and a power unit designed for cargo loading, unloading, stacking, and transportation. These vehicles are widely used in enterprises for short-distance material handling, including tasks such as moving, lifting, pushing, or ejecting goods. They are available in various types, such as wheeled and rail-based models, and are commonly used in ports, warehouses, airports, freight yards, and factory environments. Handling vehicles can also access cargo areas like ship cabins, container compartments, and trucks.
(1) The rated load capacity of the transport vehicle refers to the maximum weight it can lift and move under normal operating conditions. This capacity varies significantly depending on the type of vehicle. For example, a standard forklift typically has a rated load of around 3 tons, while some heavy-duty models can handle up to 60 tons. Automated guided vehicles (AGVs), on the other hand, usually have a lower rated load, ranging from 500 kg to 1,500 kg.
(2) The horizontal travel speed of the transport vehicle is the maximum speed it can achieve when moving on a flat surface. This speed plays a crucial role in determining the overall efficiency of the vehicle’s operations. Internal combustion forklifts, for instance, can reach speeds between 20 to 27 km/h, while electric models generally operate at a slower range of 14 to 18 km/h.
(3) The lifting and lowering speed of the handling vehicle refers to how fast the vehicle can raise or lower its load. These speeds directly impact the efficiency of logistics operations. The performance of the vehicle, along with the materials used in its construction, influences these speeds.
(4) The minimum turning radius of the transport vehicle is the smallest distance required for the vehicle to make a turn at low speed with the steering wheel fully turned. A smaller turning radius allows for greater maneuverability and reduces the space needed for operation. In automated warehouses, where space optimization is key, vehicles with compact designs are preferred to fit into narrow aisles.
(5) The self-weight of the transport vehicle is the total weight of the vehicle without any load. From an energy-saving perspective, a lighter vehicle is more efficient. However, when selecting a transport vehicle, the weight must be considered in relation to the structural integrity of the workspace, such as the floor or container. For example, forklifts operating inside containers, cars, or ships must account for the impact of their own weight on the structure.
(6) The dimensions of the transport vehicle include its total length, width, and height. When choosing a vehicle, it's important to ensure that its size fits the work environment. In automated storage systems, for example, the vehicle’s width must match the aisle width to maximize warehouse space utilization.
By understanding these key specifications, companies can select the most suitable handling equipment for their specific operational needs, ensuring both efficiency and safety in material handling processes.
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