Throttling flowmeters are a classic type of differential pressure flowmeter and are the most widely used instruments for measuring the flow of gases, liquids, and vapors in industrial applications. They play a crucial role in process control and are commonly found in various industries such as chemical, petrochemical, power generation, and water treatment. In fact, throttling flowmeters make up more than half of all flowmeters in use across the industrial sector, making them one of the most prevalent technologies for flow measurement.
These devices can measure not only single-phase fluids like liquid, gas, and steam, but also some two-phase or mixed-phase flows, such as gas-liquid, gas-solid, and liquid-solid mixtures. They are suitable for a wide range of pipe diameters and operating conditions, including different pressures and temperatures. This versatility makes them an essential tool in many production environments.
Throttling devices are categorized into standard and non-standard types. Standard throttling elements include orifice plates, ISA nozzles, long-radius nozzles, venturi tubes, and Venturi nozzles. Non-standard options include annular orifice plates, quarter-circle nozzles, eccentric orifice plates, wedge flowmeters, V-cone flowmeters, and more. Over time, many new designs have emerged, with a growing trend toward standardized solutions that offer better performance and reliability.
Among the various types, dynamic pressure head flowmeters have seen rapid development in recent years and are now widely used in plug-in flowmeter systems. Standard throttling devices do not require real-flow calibration and are unique in their application, but they typically have a limited range—usually around 3:1 to 4:1 due to the quadratic relationship between differential pressure and flow rate. Additionally, the piping system connecting the sensor to the display unit is a weak point, prone to issues like leakage, blockage, freezing, and signal distortion.
The repeatability and accuracy of these meters are moderate, and improving accuracy can be challenging due to multiple influencing factors. To address these limitations, engineers often implement measures such as expanding the range, reducing pressure loss, and enhancing measurement precision. However, proper installation is critical, especially for orifice plates and nozzles, which require long straight pipe sections—something that is often difficult to achieve on-site.
Despite these challenges, throttling flowmeters remain popular due to their simple structure, ease of installation, reliable operation, low cost, and acceptable level of accuracy. They are well-suited for most engineering measurement needs. With a long history of use, extensive experimental data, and standardized design procedures, these flowmeters can be manufactured according to established standards without requiring actual calibration. As long as they are designed properly, they can deliver flow measurements within known uncertainty limits.
Huajiang Automation offers expert recommendations for selecting the most suitable throttling flowmeters and provides high-quality, reliable instrumentation. If you have any questions, our professional technicians are here to help. We hope this information proves useful to you!
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Editor: (Hardware Business Network Information Center)
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