In order to eliminate the smog caused by the burning of fossil energy, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and completely solve the energy crisis, many aerospace experts suggest that China should build a solar power station in geosynchronous orbit 36,000 kilometers from the ground.
Space power station, also known as space solar power station, refers to a super-large spacecraft operating in geosynchronous orbit. It is equipped with huge solar panels or lasers, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the ground by microwave or laser. .
American science fiction writer Asimov described the space power station in the novel. Wang Xiji, a "two bombs and one star" meritorious scientist, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and academician of the International Academy of Astronautics, believes that this has a certain theoretical basis.
As an active proponent of space power stations, Wang Xiji, who has been engaged in space technology research for more than half a century, said: "The space power station with commercial value will indeed be very large. Its solar panel area will reach five or six square kilometers, equivalent to about 12 The area of ​​Tiananmen Square."
Why build a power station into space?
Wang Xiji said that the solar power station on the ground is affected by day and night and weather, and the power supply fluctuates too much, making it difficult to be the main power station. The space power station is not affected by day and night and weather, and solar energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved. In geosynchronous orbit, more than 90% of the time can receive full solar radiation.
Duan Baoyan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and an expert in electromechanical engineering, said that the power generation per unit area of ​​a space power station is 10 times that on the ground. "Once we overcome the space solar power plant technology, we are expected to gradually solve the energy crisis in human society."
Wang Xiji said that in the future, controlled nuclear fusion energy and space solar energy are the most likely to become inexhaustible clean energy. Compared with the two, the application of controllable nuclear fusion energy is farther away, because its scientific theoretical problems have not yet been completely solved. Space solar power plants are completely feasible in theory. Although there are many engineering and technical problems, they can all be solved.
He said that when the fossil energy on the earth is consumed and can no longer sustain human development, the world will panic. "Whoever masters the key technologies of space power plants will be able to occupy the future energy market. The development of space power plants is of strategic importance."
In recent years, the United States, Japan, Russia and other countries have carried out research on space solar power generation. Some scientific research institutions in China have already carried out work on system demonstration and key technologies of space power plants. In 2010, a number of academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering made a report on “Technology Development Forecast and Countermeasures for Space Solar Power Stationsâ€, recommending that China build a megawatt space power plant by 2030 and build a commercial value of 1 million kilowatts by 2050. Level space power station.
However, building such a grand space power station is not an easy task, and some key technologies have yet to be broken. For example, the total weight of a 1 million kilowatt power station will reach the order of 10,000 tons. At present, the carrying capacity of human launch vehicles in low-Earth orbit is rarely more than 100 tons.
Wang Xiji said that when space solar energy develops into the main source of human energy, "the people no longer have to worry about smog, and the problem of the greenhouse effect will be fundamentally solved."
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