Yunnan is known for its rich biodiversity, especially when it comes to orchids. The region's unique geographical and climatic conditions have led to the development of a wide variety of wild orchid species. Among them, the lotus petal orchid stands out as a rare and beautiful flower. According to research, there are over 50 species of orchids globally, with more than 20 found in China. Yunnan is home to almost all native orchid species, including several that are endemic to the region. The lotus petal orchid is one of the most distinctive and cherished flowers in Yunnan.
The lotus petal orchid has a long history and deep cultural significance in Yunnan, particularly in western and northwestern areas. Its flowers resemble those of a lotus, which is why it is called "lotus petal." In local dialects, such as among the Bai and Naxi people, it is referred to as "Small Selangor," while in Taiwan, it is known as "Bealand." This orchid belongs to the genus Chunlan and is native to the region. It has white roots, thick pseudobulbs, and linear leaves with serrated edges and a distinct "V" shape at the base. The flowering season runs from December to March, with 2-4 blossoms per plant, displaying colors like red, yellow, light green, and white. The fragrance is also notable, making it highly prized by orchid lovers.
Most lotus petal orchids grow on slopes between 1,500 and 2,500 meters above sea level, often under pine, eucalyptus, or shrub forests. They prefer semi-shaded, moist, well-drained, and nutrient-rich environments. Due to these specific requirements, Yunnan growers have developed traditional methods using humus soil to cultivate this delicate orchid successfully.
Cultivated lotus petal orchids require a special kind of soil—humus soil. This type of soil is rich in organic matter, loose, well-draining, and slightly acidic. It contains essential nutrients and is free from pathogens and pests. Humus soil is typically divided into organic and inorganic types, with the best quality being pure humus soil. It offers excellent aeration, moisture retention, and root-friendly properties, making it ideal for orchid cultivation.
Humus soil is easy to find in Yunnan, especially in forested areas where eucalyptus trees thrive. There are various types of humus soil used in the cultivation of lotus petal orchids, each with its own benefits:
The most commonly used is rotten leaf soil, which is rich in nutrients and closely mimics natural conditions. However, it may contain harmful microbes and should be tested and treated before use. Another option is shrub humus soil, made from decomposed leaves in mixed wood forests. It is nutritious but less consistent in quality. Pine leaf soil is also popular due to its slight acidity, which suits orchid growth, but it must be softened properly before planting.
Other types include humus leaf soil, yuba leaf soil, and artificially prepared humus soil, though these are harder to obtain. Overall, the most effective choice for cultivating lotus petal orchids is yellow rotten leaf soil, which provides the ideal environment for healthy growth.
Before using any humus soil, it’s important to test the pH level, aiming for a range between 5.5 and 7.0. If the soil is too acidic, lime can be added, and if it's too alkaline, ferrous sulfate or superphosphate can help balance it. Disinfection methods include sun exposure, steaming, or low-temperature treatment to eliminate unwanted bacteria and pests.
Once the soil is ready, proper care is essential. Watering is the most critical aspect, and the method varies depending on the season and environmental conditions. A combination of full immersion and foliar spraying is recommended. When the soil dries, place the pot in water up to 3–4 cm below the rim and let it soak for 2–4 hours. Foliar sprays should be applied every 3–4 days, keeping the leaves moist without wetting the buds. Watering should be done in the morning during winter and spring, and in the early evening during summer and autumn.
Fertilization is not necessary for most lotus petal orchids grown in humus soil, as it already provides sufficient nutrients. However, if you want to enhance growth, a light application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements can be used. Be cautious not to over-fertilize, as excessive nutrients can harm the delicate roots of the orchid.
Okoume Plywood,Okoume Marine Plywood,Okoume Panel,Okoume Mahogany Plywood
LINYI JIUHENG IMPORT AND EXPORT CO.,LTD , https://www.jiuhengwood.com