In the middle to late stages of summer maize, several pest and disease issues commonly arise. Key pests include corn borers, armyworms, aphids, and red spiders. Major diseases such as leaf spot, stem rot (both green and dry types), and rust also pose significant threats. Timely forecasting and effective control measures are essential for managing these challenges.
When the infestation rate of corn borers reaches 10%, it is recommended to apply phoxim granules directly into the heart leaves of the corn plants. This should be done at a rate of about 1 gram per plant. For controlling corn locusts, you can use 50% emulsifiable concentrate of smog at a rate of 8–10 grams per mu or 10% imidacloprid at 10–15 grams per acre mixed with 45 kilograms of water.
To manage armyworms, spraying with 2.5% deltamethrin diluted 1500–2000 times or 50% phoxim diluted 1000 times is effective. Red spider mites become particularly active after the silking stage, especially during dry and hot weather. When more than 10% of the leaves show signs of infestation, applying dicofol or omethoate at 1000 times dilution on the underside of the leaves can help control the problem.
For leaf spot prevention, spraying with 50% carbendazim, 75% mancozeb, or 70% methyl thiophanate at a dilution ratio of 500 times is recommended. To treat rust in its early stages, options include using 25% rust powder WP or emulsifier at 1500–2000 times dilution, 20% triazole sulfur suspension at 800 times, 40% polysulfur suspension at 600 times, or 50% ultra-sulfur suspending agent at 300 times.
Prevention is key for bacterial wilt. If isolated diseased plants are found during the mid to late growth stages, root drenching with metalaxyl at 400 times dilution or carbendazim at 500 times dilution is advised, using 500 ml of solution per plant.
This information is provided by Chen Maochun from Shiyan Agricultural School, Danjiangkou City, Hubei Province.
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