Expanded perlite is a naturally occurring acidic vitreous lava, a non-metallic mineral that includes perlite, obsidian, and other similar materials. These substances differ mainly in their water content, particularly the amount of crystalline water they contain. When exposed to high temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1300°C, they rapidly expand—typically between 4 to 30 times their original volume. This expansion process gives them their unique properties, which is why they are collectively known as expanded perlite.
On average, the expansion ratio ranges from 7 to 10 times, with black shale reaching up to 3 times. The main component of expanded perlite is silicon dioxide, making up approximately 70% of its composition. It is typically mined through open-pit methods without any need for complex processing or beneficiation. After extraction, the material is simply crushed and sieved to achieve the desired particle size for various applications.
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