Expanded perlite is a natural acidic vitreous lava, a non-metallic mineral that includes perlite, obsidian, and other similar materials. These substances differ mainly in their water content and crystalline structure. When heated to high temperatures between 1000°C and 1300°C, they expand rapidly, typically 4 to 30 times their original volume. This expansion gives them their characteristic lightweight and porous properties, which is why they are collectively known as expanded perlite.
The expansion ratio usually ranges from 7 to 10 times, although some types like black shale can expand more than three times. The primary component of expanded perlite is silicon dioxide, making up approximately 70% of its composition. It is mined directly from open-pit quarries without the need for complex processing or beneficiation. After mining, it is simply crushed, sieved, and packaged for various industrial and construction applications.
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