Correct selection of various building templates

In different construction scenarios, selecting the appropriate building templates based on the specific conditions of each project is a crucial skill in the effective use of formwork. Over the years, extensive practical experience has provided valuable insights. It's essential to adapt to local conditions, make full use of available resources, and continuously innovate to develop new materials. Not only should quality be ensured by avoiding substandard templates, but also sufficient investment should be made to update to the latest and most efficient formwork systems. 1) For slab formwork, it is recommended to use full-sized multi-layer boards (wood or bamboo can be used). Preferably, choose phenolic-faced multi-layer panels that are 15–18 mm thick. After repeated use, the edges of the template may get damaged, so timely cutting is necessary to maintain a flat edge. 2) For beam and column formwork, medium-sized composite formwork is suggested. Due to the variations in beam and column dimensions, it’s not suitable to cut multi-layer boards for these applications.

3) Wall formwork can be assembled into large formwork using medium-sized composite panels. A fully steel large formwork can also be used. It is generally advisable to unify the type of formwork for similar high-rise buildings as much as possible to maximize the reuse rate and efficiency. 4) Make full use of old multi-layer boards and leftover wood after multiple cuts to create various sizes of small and medium wooden combined formwork for different cast-in-place concrete elements. These pieces must have uniform rib height, a flat surface, light weight, good rigidity, and resistance to damage. 5) Fully utilize existing small steel molds, especially those that meet the requirements for smooth concrete surfaces. Based on some companies’ experience, the surface of combined small steel molds can be covered with plastic sheets or other thin plates for use on floors, shear walls, or other structural components. 6) The number of curved walls is increasing, and their curvature varies significantly. Once shaped, curved templates often need to be modified several times, which is labor-intensive and costly. Recently, some projects have adopted "adjustable curved templates" on a large scale. These templates allow for easy adjustment of any radius using an adjuster, offering excellent results and showing great potential for wider application. 7) For the core cylinder of super high-rise or high-rise buildings, “hydraulic climbing formwork” is recommended. This climbing formwork system combines the advantages of large formwork and slipform technology. It allows for gradual upgrading as the building rises, improving construction speed, reducing the need for tower cranes, enhancing safety at high altitudes, and eliminating the need for external scaffolding. It is particularly suitable for constructing the concrete core of steel structures. By applying these strategies, construction teams can optimize formwork usage, reduce waste, and improve overall efficiency and safety on site.

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