**Analysis of Electric Fan Bearings and Bearing Preloading Techniques**
Home > Bearing Knowledge > Analysis of Electric Fan Bearings and Bearing Preloading Skills
Source: China Bearing Network | Time: March 3, 2013
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In computer cooling fans, the reliability of the bearing system directly affects the lifespan, noise level, and overall stability of the fan. There are generally two types of bearings used in air-cooled radiators: oil-impregnated bearings and ball bearings. Oil-impregnated bearings are cost-effective but rely on sliding friction, which leads to a larger contact area. Over time, the lubricating oil can evaporate, causing increased wear, higher friction, and greater noise as the bearing ages. In contrast, ball bearings use rolling friction, which generates less heat and has a lower coefficient of friction. This makes them more durable and quieter over time, gradually making them the preferred choice for computer cooling fans.
During the manufacturing process of bearings, several key factors influence their quality, including steel ball production, oil selection, precision during the production process, the use of aerospace-grade stainless steel, and careful installation. For small motor bearings used in fans, domestic manufacturers still face limitations in terms of technology, and their products often fail to meet the high-performance requirements of modern high-speed electric fans. Some unscrupulous manufacturers even use low-quality or recycled bearings, passing them off as high-quality ball bearings, which severely undermines consumer rights and trust.
While it may be difficult to distinguish between high-quality and poor-quality bearings just by appearance, the technical differences are significant. One critical aspect is the preloading technique, which involves securing the ball within the bearing sleeve. This requires the ball to fit tightly without any gap, minimizing wear. In many domestic manufacturing processes, there is often a 5–10 micron gap between the ball and the sleeve after preloading due to dimensional inaccuracies. This gap significantly increases wear and reduces the bearing’s lifespan.
In contrast, companies like NSK implement precise preloading techniques. During the preloading process, the upper and lower bearing sleeves are positioned with a relative spacing of about 5 microns. When pressed, this ensures a tight fit, eliminating the gap entirely. As a result, the ball remains stable during operation, reducing wear and extending the fan’s life.
To produce the best electric fans, choosing high-quality bearings is essential. Shenzhou Fengshen, a well-known radiator brand in China, maintains strict quality control from the beginning. It uses high-quality materials to ensure optimal performance. The company conducts high-temperature aging tests on all types of bearings and has been collaborating with NSK, the world's largest manufacturer of precision bearings, since 1999. Today, Shenzhou Fengshen's computer radiators use NSK-imported ball bearings, ensuring top-tier quality and reliability.
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